Since childhood I have this problem that every time I urinate one or two drops of urine come out within half an hour after I have urinated resultantly my clothes do not remain fit for offering salat, thereafter everything remains normal until I urinate again. I have two questions. (a) How to offer my salat while in office or away from home. (b) What about the countless salats I have missed up to now.
All praise be to Allah, and may His Blessings and Peace be on His Last Messenger,
As for the incontinence, urine is impure, but because of the permanent – if so – incontinence, the ruling has been made lighter, for there is no undue hardship in the deen. Concessions are made to ease hardships that would overwhelm the servant on his path to Allah.
If the incontinence is permanent (all the time), the ruling would be to clean your underwear for every prayer and make wudu’ and then pray the fard and all of the sunan attached to it until the next prayer with this wudu’. That is because the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) said to the woman who had istihadah (prolonged bleeding),
“ثُمَّ تَوَضَّئِي لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ”
“Then, make wudu’ for each prayer.” (Bukhari)
Salas (urinary incontinence) takes the same ruling by analogy.
If your incontinence is not permanent, but it is only transient, then the ruling here above doesn’t apply. You will first need to avoid obsessions. Ibn Omar (Allah be pleased with him) would wet his undergarment so the shaytan doesn’t whisper to him about the exiting of urine. The same was advised by Ibn Abbas and Sulayman ibn Yasaar, who said to someone who asked him about drops of urine coming out after wudu’, “sprinkle your underwear and then overlook that.” [Reported in al-Muwatta’] In the Hashiyah of the Maliki scholar ad-Dussoqi, he said if a drop comes out after cleaning oneself and making wudu, it is forgiven. This is something that happens to many people, and the Shari’a overlooked it, so it should be overlooked.
If it is significant leakage, which is unusual, wait until it is done, and wash and make wudu’ and pray when it is gone. You will need to speak to a physician about this.
As for cleaning the garment that was soiled with urine, you will need, if you are sure it was soiled, to only wash the part that was soiled, which may still be done, in the bathroom, at work.
Generally speaking, being mistaken in performing an act of worship in the past, there are two different positions as to the requirement of a makeup: the majority will consider the makeup mandatory, and that is the safer position. There is another position that doesn’t require a makeup. This is the position of some scholars, including Ibn Taymiyyah. They indicate that when the Prophet corrected a mistake in one’s worship, he wouldn’t command them to make up for what they have, in the past, mistakenly did or left out. One of those examples is that he (blessings and peace be upon him) instructed Hamnah bint Jahsh when she informed him that she bleeds profusely and her bleeding has stopped her from praying and fasting, he said,
“إنما هِيَ رَكْضَةٌ من الشَّيْطَانِ فَتَحَيَّضِي سِتَّةَ أَيَّامٍ أو سَبْعَةَ أَيَّامٍ في عِلْمِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ اغْتَسِلِي فإذا رَأَيْتِ أَنَّكِ قد طَهُرْتِ وَاسْتَنْقَأْتِ فَصَلِّي أَرْبَعًا وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً أو ثَلَاثًا وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَيَّامَهَا وَصُومِي وَصَلِّي …”
“That is but a kick from the shaytaan, so consider your menses as six or seven days, – and Allah knows best -, then take a ritual bath, then if you see that you have become pure and cleaned yourself, then pray for twenty four or twenty three days and fast.” [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawood and al-Tirmidhi, who authenticated it.]
This second opinion is stronger, while the first is safer, so I would recommend for you to apply the first if you can, and if it will be burdensome, you are not required to repeat.
Allah knows best.